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| ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 1 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated 30v 350ma led driver with aec-q100 description the ZXLD1350 is a continous mode inductive step-down converter with integrated switch and high side current sense. it operates from an input supply from 7v to 30v driving single or multiple series connected leds effeciently external adjustable output current up to 350ma. the ZXLD1350 has been qualified to aecq100.2 allowing it to operate at ambient temperatures from -40 to 105c. the output current can be adjus ted by applying a dc voltage or a pwm waveform. 100:1 adjus tment of output current is possible using pwm control. a pplying a voltage of 0.2v or lower to the adj pin turns the output off and switches the device into a low current standby state. pin assignments features ? simple low parts count ? internal 30v ndmos switch ? internal pwm filter ? high efficiency (up to 95% (*) ) ? wide input voltage range: 7v to 30v ? 40v transient capability ? up to 1mhz switching frequency ? typical 4% output current accuracy ? qualified to aec-q100.2 typical application circuit ZXLD1350 led cle d l1 lx i sense d1 r s v in v in *using standard external components as spec ified under electrical characteristics. efficiency is dependent upon the number of leds driven and on external component types and values. i sense v in adj gnd lx tsot23-5 top view
ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 2 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated block diagram figure 1. block diagram ? pin connection for tsot package pin description name pin no. description lx 1 drain of ndmos switch gnd 2 ground (0v) adj 3 multi-function on/off and br ightness control pin: ? leave floating for normal operation.(v adj = v ref =1.25v giving nominal average output current i outnom =0.1/r s ) ? drive to voltage below 0.2v to turn off output current ? drive with dc voltage (0.3v ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 3 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated absolute maximum ratings (voltages to gnd unless otherwise stated) symbol parameter rating unit v in input voltage -0.3 to +30 (40v for 0.5 sec) v v sense i sense voltage +0.3 to -5 (measured with respect to v in ) v v lx lx output voltage -0.3 to +30 (40v for 0.5 sec) v v adj adjust pin input voltage -0.3 to +6 v i lx switch output current 500 ma p tot power dissipation (refer to package thermal de-rating curve on page 17) 450 mw t st storage temperature -55 to 150 c t j max junction temperature 150 c these are stress ratings only. operation above the absolute maxi mum rating may cause device failure. operation at the absolute maximum ratings, for extended periods, may reduce device reliability. thermal resistance symbol parameter rating unit ja junction to ambient 200 c/w recommended operating conditions symbol parameter min typ. max units v in input voltage 7 30 v t offmin minimum switch off-time 200 ns t onmin minimum switch on-time 200 ns d lx duty cycle range 0.01 0.99 t op operating temperature range -40 +105 c f lxmax recommended maximum operating frequency 1 mhz ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 4 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated electrical characteristics (test conditions: v in = 12v, t amb = 25c, unless otherwise specified.) (*) symbol paramete r condition min. typ. max. unit v su internal regulator start-up threshold v in rising 4.8 v i inqoff quiescent supply current with output off adj pin grounded 15 20 a i inqon quiescent supply current with output switching adj pin floating f = 250khz 250 500 a v sense mean current sense threshold voltage (defines led current setting accuracy) measured on i sense pin with respect to v in v adj = 1.25v 95 100 105 mv v sensehys sense threshold hysteresis 15 % i sense i sense pin input current v sense = v in -0.1 1.25 10 a v ref internal refe rence voltage measured on adj pin with pin floating 1.21 1.25 1.29 v v ref / t temperature coefficient of v ref 50 ppm/c v adj external control voltage range on adj pin for dc brightness control (?) 0.3 2.5 v v adjoff dc voltage on adj pin to switch device from active (on) state to quiescent (off) state v adj falling 0.15 0.2 0.25 v v adjon dc voltage on adj pin to switch device from quiescent (off) state to active (on) state v adj rising 0.2 0.25 0.3 v r adj resistance between adj pin and v ref 135 250 k ? i lxmean continuous lx switch current 0.37 a r lx lx switch ?on? resistance 1.5 2 ? i lx ( leak ) lx switch leakage current 1 a d pwm(lf) duty cycle range of pwm signal applied to adj pin during low frequency pwm dimming mode pwm frequency <500hz pwm amplitude = v ref measured on adj pin 0.01 1 brightness control range 100:1 d pwm(hf) duty cycle range of pwm signal applied to adj pin during high frequency pwm dimming mode pwm frequency <10khz pwm amplitude = v ref measured on adj pin 0.16 1 brightness control range 5:1 f lx operating frequency (see graphs for more details) adj pin floating l = 100h (0.82v) i out = 350ma @ v led = 3.4v driving 1 led 250 khz t ss start up time (see graphs for more details) time taken for output current to reach 90% of final value after voltage on adj pin has risen above 0.3v. 500 s t pd internal comparator propagation delay 50 ns notes: (*). production testing of the device is performed at 25c. functional operation of th e device and parameters specified over a -40c to +105c temperature range, are guar anteed by design, characterization and process control. (?). 100% brightness corresponds to v adj = v adj(nom) = v ref . driving the adj pin above v ref will increase the v sense threshold and output current proportionally. ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 5 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated device description the device, in conjunction with the coil (l1) and current sense resistor (r s ), forms a self-oscillating continuous-mode buck converter. device operation (refer to block diagram and figure 1 - operating waveforms) operation can be best understood by assumi ng that the adj pin of the device is unc onnected and the voltage on this pin (v adj ) appears directly at the (+ ) input of the comparator. when input voltage v in is first applied, the initial current in l1 and rs is zero and there is no output from the current sense circuit. under this condition, t he (-) input to the comparat or is at ground and it s output is high. this turns mn on and switch es the lx pin low, causing current to flow from v in to ground, via r s , l1 and the led(s). the current rises at a rate determined by v in and l1 to produce a voltage ramp (v sense ) across r s . the supply referred voltage v sense is forced across internal resistor r1 by the current sense circuit and produces a proportional curre nt in internal resistors r2 and r3. this produces a ground referred rising voltage at the (-) input of the co mparator. when this reaches the threshold voltage (v adj ), the comparator output switches low and mn turns off. the compar ator output also drives another nmos sw itch, which bypasses internal resistor r3 to provide a controlled amount of hysteresis. the hysteresis is set by r3 to be nominally 15% of v adj . when mn is off, the current in l1 continues to flow via d1 and the led(s) back to v in . the current decays at a rate determined by the led and diode forward voltages to produce a falling voltag e at the input of t he comparator. when this voltage returns to v adj , the comparator output switc hes high again. this cycle of events repeats, with the comparator input ramping between limits of v adj 15%. switching thresholds with v adj =v ref , the ratios of r1, r2 and r3, define an average v sense switching threshold of 100mv (measured on the i sense pin with respect to v in ). the average output current i outnom is then defined by this voltage and rs according to: i outnom =100mv/r s nominal ripple current is 15mv/r s adjusting output current the device contains a low pass filter bet ween the adj pin and the threshold compar ator and an internal current limiting resistor (200k nom) between adj and the internal reference voltage. this allows the adj pin to be overdriven with either dc or pulse signals to change the v sense switching threshold and adjust the output cu rrent. the filter is third order, comprising three sections, each with a cut-off frequency of nominally 4khz. details of the different modes of adjusting output current are give n in the applications section. output shutdown the output of the low pass filter drives the shutdown circuit. w hen the input voltage to this circuit falls below the threshold (0.2v nom), the internal regulator and the output switch are turned off. the vo ltage reference remains powered during shutdown to provide the bias current for the shutdown circuit. quiescent supply current during shutdown is nominally 15ma and switch leakage is below 1ma. ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 6 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated device description (continued) figure 1. theoretical operating waveforms ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 7 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated device description (continued) typical operating waveforms [v in = 12v, r s = 0.3v, l = 100 h] normal operation. output current (ch3) and lx voltage (ch1) start-up waveforms. output current (ch3), lx voltage (ch1) and v adj (ch2) ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 8 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated typical operating conditions ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 9 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (continued) ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 10 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (continued) ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 11 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated typical characteristics (continued) ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 12 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information setting nominal average output current with external resistor r s the nominal average output current in t he led(s) is determined by the value of the external current sense resistor (r s ) connected between v in and i sense and is given by: i outnom = 0.1/r s [for r s > 0.27 ? ] the table below gives values of nominal average output current for several preferred values of current setting resistor (r s ) in the typical application circuit shown on page 1: r s ( ? ) nominal average output current (ma) 0.27 370 0.30 333 0.33 300 0.39 256 the above values assume that the adj pin is floating and at a nominal voltage of v ref (=1.25v). note that r s = 0.27v is the minimum allowed value of sense resistor under these conditions to maintain switch current below the specified maximum value. it is possible to use different values of r s if the adj pin is driven from an exte rnal voltage. (see next section). output current adjustment by external dc control voltage the adj pin can be driven by an external dc voltage (v adj ), as shown, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value defined by r s . the nominal average output current in this case is given by: i outdc = 0.08*v adj /r s for 0.3 < v adj < 2.5v note that 100% brightness setting corresponds to v adj = v ref . when driving the adj pin above 1.25v, r s must be increased in proportion to prevent i outdc exceeding 370ma maximum. the input impedance of the adj pin is 200k ? 25%. ? gnd ZXLD1350 adj + dc gnd ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 13 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) output current adjustment by pwm control directly driving adj input a pulse width modulated (pwm) signal with duty cycle d pwm can be applied to the adj pin, as shown below, to adjust the output current to a value above or below t he nominal average value set by resistor r s : driving the adj input via open collector transistor the recommended method of driving the adj pin and controlling the amplitude of the pwm waveform is to use a small npn switching transistor as shown below: this scheme uses the 200k resistor betw een the adj pin and the internal voltage reference as a pull-up resistor for the external transistor. driving the adj input from a microcontroller another possibility is to drive the device from the open drain output of a microcontroller. the diagram below shows one method of doing this: the diode and resistor suppress possible high amplitude negative spikes on the adj input result ing from the drain-source capacitance of the fet. negative spikes at the input to the device should be avoi ded as they may cause errors in output current, or erratic device operation. pwm dimming can be further split into high frequency and low frequency pwm dimming and how the device responds to these. v adj gnd adj ZXLD1350 gnd 0v pwm adj ZXLD1350 gnd gnd pwm ZXLD1350 gnd adj 10k mcu ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 14 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) low frequency pwm mode when the adj pin is driven with a low frequency pwm signal (eg 100hz), with a high level voltage v adj and a low level of zero, the output of the internal low pass filter will swing between 0v and v adj , causing the input to the shutdown circuit to fall below its turn-off threshold (200mv nom) when the adj pin is low. this will cause the output current to be switched on and off at the pwm frequency, resulti ng in an average output current i outavg proportional to the pwm duty cycle. (see figure 2 - low frequency pwm operating waveforms). figure 2. low frequency pwm operating waveforms the average value of output current in this mode is given by: i outavg 0.1d pwm /r s for d pwm >0 01 this mode is preferable if optimum led 'whiteness' is requir ed. it will also provide the widest possible dimming range (approx. 100:1) and higher efficiency at the expense of greater output ripple. note that the low pass filter introduces a small error in th e output duty cycle due to the difference between the start-up and shut-down times. this time difference is a result of the 200mv shutdown threshold and the rise and fall times at the output of the filter. to minimize this error, the pwm duty cycle should be as low as possible consistent with avoiding flicker in the led . ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 15 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) high frequency pwm mode at pwm frequencies above 10khz and for duty cycles above 0.16, the output of the internal lo w pass filter will contain a dc component that is always above the shutdown threshold. this will maintain continuous device operation and the nominal average output current will be proportional to the average voltage at t he output of the filter, whic h is directly proportional to the duty cycle. (see figure 3 ? high frequency pwm operating waveforms). for best results, the pwm frequency should be maintained above the minimum specified value of 10khz, in order to minimize ripple at the output of the f ilter. the shutdown comparator has approximately 50mv of hysteresis, to minimize erratic switchin g due to this ripple. an upper pwm frequency limit of approximately one tenth of the operating frequency is recommended, to av oid excessive output modulation and to avoid injecting excessive noise into the internal reference. figure 3. high frequency pwm operating waveforms the nominal average value of output current in this mode is given by: i outnom ? 0.1d pwm /r s for d pwm >0.16 this mode will give minimum output ripple and reduced radiated em ission, but with a reduced dimming range (approx.5:1). the restricted dimming range is a result of the device being turned off when the dc component on the filter output falls below 200mv. shutdown mode taking the adj pin to a voltage below 0.2v for more than approximately 100 s, will turn off the output and supply current will fall to a low standby level of 15 a nominal. note that the adj pin is not a logic inpu t. taking the adj pin to a voltage above v ref will increase output current above the 100% nominal average value. (see graphs for details). ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 16 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) soft-start the device has inbuilt soft-start action due to the delay through the pwm filter. an external capacitor from the adj pin to ground will provide additional soft-start delay, by increasing the time taken for the voltage on this pin to rise to the turn-o n threshold and by slowing down the rate of rise of the control voltage at the input of the compar ator. with no external capacito r, the time taken for the output to reach 90% of its final value is approximately 500 s. adding capacitance increases this delay by approximately 0.5ms/nf. the graph below shows the variation of soft-star t time for different values of capacitor. inherent open-circuit led protection if the connection to the led(s) is open-circuited, the coil is isolated from the lx pin of the chip, so the device will not be damaged, unlike in many boost converters, where the back emf ma y damage the internal switch by forcing the drain above its breakdown voltage. capacitor selection a low esr capacitor should be used for input decoupling, as the esr of this capacitor appears in series with the supply source impedance and lowers overall efficiency. this capacitor has to supply the relatively high peak current to the coil and smooth the current ripple on the input supply. a minimum value of 1 f is acceptable if the input source is close to the device, but higher values will improve performance at lower input voltages, especially when the source impedance is high. the input capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the ic. for maximum stability over temperature and voltage, capacitors with x7r, x5r, or better dielectric are recommended. capacitors with y5v dielectric are not suitable for decoupling in this application and should not be used. a table of recommended manufacturers is provided below: manufacturer website murata www.murata.com taiyo yuden www.t-yuden.com kemet www.kemet.com avx www.avxcorp.com ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 17 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) inductor selection recommended inductor values for the ZXLD1350 are in the range 47mh to 220mh. higher values of inductance are recommended at higher supply volt ages in order to minimize errors due to switching delays, which result in increased ripple and lower efficiency. higher val ues of inductance also result in a smaller change in output current over the supply voltage range. (s ee graphs). the inductor should be mounted as close to the device as possible with low resistance connections to the lx and v in pins. the chosen coil should have a saturation current hi gher than the peak output current and a continuous current rating above the required mean output current. suitable coils for use with the ZXLD1350 are listed in the table below: part no. l (mh) dcr (v) i sat (a) manufacturer do1608c 47 0.64 0.5 coilcraft mss6132ml 47 0.38 0.56 68 0.58 0.47 100 0.82 0.39 cd104-mc 220 0.55 0.53 sumida np04sb470m 47 0.27 0.38 taiyo yuden the inductor value should be chosen to maintain operating duty cycle and switch 'on'/'off' times within the specified limits ov er the supply voltage and load current range. the following equations can be used as a guide, wi th reference to figure 1 - operating waveforms. lx switch 'on' time note: t onnmin > 200ns lx switch 'off' time t off l i v led vd i avg r s rl + () ++ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- - = note: t offmin > 200ns where: l is the coil inductance (h) rl is the coil resistance (v) i avg is the required led current (a) di is the coil peak-peak ripple curr ent (a) {internally set to 0.3 x i avg } v in is the supply voltage (v) v led is the total led forward voltage (v) r lx is the switch resistance (v) v d is the diode forward voltage at the required load current (v) t on l i v in v led ? i avg r s rl r lx ++ () ? --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - = ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 18 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) example: for v in =12v, l=47mh, rl=0.64v, v led =3.4v, i avg =350ma and v d =0.36v t on = (47e-6 x 0.105)/(12 - 3.4 - 0.672) = 0.622ms t off = (47e-6 x 0.105)/(3.4 + 0.36 + 0.322)= 1.21ms this gives an operating frequency of 546khz and a duty cycle of 0.34. these and other equations are available as a spre adsheet calculator from the diodes website. note that in practice, the duty cycle and operating frequency w ill deviate from the calculated values due to dynamic switching delays, switch rise/fall times and losses in the external components. optimum performance will be achieved by setting the duty cycle close to 0.5 at the nominal supply voltage. this helps to equalize the undershoot and overshoot and improves temperature stability of the output current. diode selection for maximum efficiency and performance, the rectifier (d1) should be a fast low capacitance schottky diode with low reverse leakage at the maximum operating voltage and temperature. the recommended diode for use with this part is the zlls1000. this has approximately ten times lower leakage than standard schottky diodes, which are unsuitable for use above 85c. it also provides better efficiency than silicon diodes, due to a combination of lower forward voltage and reduced recovery time. the table below gives the typical characteristics for the zlls1000: diode forward voltage @ 100ma (mv) continuous current (ma) reverse leakage @ 30v 85c (ma) package zlls1000 310 1000 300 tsot23 if alternative diodes are used, it is important to select part s with a peak current rating above the peak coil current and a continuous current rating higher than the maximum output load cu rrent. it is very important to consider the reverse leakage of the diode when operating above 85c. excess leakage wi ll increase the power dissipation in the device. the higher forward voltage and overshoot due to reverse recovery time in silicon diodes will increase the peak voltage on the lx output. if a silicon diode is used, care should be taken to ensure that the total voltage appearing on the lx pin including supply ripple, does not exceed the specified maximum value. ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 19 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) reducing output ripple peak to peak ripple current in the led(s) can be reduced, if required, by shunting a capacit or cled across the led(s) as shown below: ZXLD1350 led cled l1 lx i sense d1 r s v in v in a value of 1 f will reduce nominal ripple current by a factor three (approx.). proportionally lower ripple can be achieved with higher capacitor values. note that the capacitor will not affe ct operating frequency or efficienc y, but it will increase start- up delay, by reducing the rate of rise of led voltage. operation at low supply voltage the internal regulator disables the drive to the switch until the supply has risen above the start-up threshold (vsu). above th is threshold, the device will start to operate. however, with the supply voltage below the specified minimum value, the switch dut y cycle will be high and the device power dissipation will be at a ma ximum. care should be taken to avoid operating the device under such conditions in the application, in order to minimi ze the risk of exceeding the maximum allowed die temperature. (see next section on thermal considerations). note that when driving loads of two or more leds, the forward drop will normally be sufficient to prevent the device from switching below approximately 6v. this will minimize the risk of damage to the device. thermal considerations when operating the device at high ambient temperatures, or w hen driving maximum load current, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the package power dissipation limits. the graph below gives details for power derating. this assumes the device to be mounted on a (25mm) 2 pcb with 1oz copper standing in still air. note that the device power dissipation will most often be a maximum at minimum supply voltage. it will also increase if the efficiency of the circuit is low. this may result from the us e of unsuitable coils, or excessive parasitic output capacitance o n the switch output. ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 20 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated application information (continued) thermal compensation of output current high luminance leds often need to be supplied with a temperat ure compensated current in order to maintain stable and reliable operation at all drive levels. the leds are usually mounted remotely from the device, so for this reason, the temperature coefficients of the internal circuits for the zx ld1350 have been optimized to minimize the change in output current when no compensation is employed. if output current com pensation is required, it is possible to use an external temperature sensing network - normally using negative temper ature coefficient (ntc) thermi stors and/or diodes, mounted very close to the led(s). the output of the sensing network can be used to drive the adj pin in order to reduce output current with increasing temperature. layout considerations lx pin the lx pin of the device is a fast swit ching node, so pcb tracks shou ld be kept as short as pos sible. to minimize ground 'bounce', the ground pin of the device should be soldered directly to the ground plane. coil and decoupling capacitors it is particularly important to mount the coil and the input decoupling capacitor clos e to the device to minimize parasitic resistance and inductance, which will degrade efficiency. it is also important to take account of any track resistance in serie s with current sense resistor rs. adj pin the adj pin is a high impedance input, so w hen left floating, pcb tracks to this pin sh ould be as short as possible to reduce noise pickup. a 100nf capacitor from the adj pin to ground wi ll reduce frequency modulation of the output under these conditions. an additional series 10k ? resistor can also be used when driving the adj pin from an external circuit (see below). this resistor will provide filtering for low frequency noise and provide prot ection against high voltage transients. ZXLD1350 gnd adj 100nf gnd 10k high voltage tracks avoid running any high voltage tracks close to the adj pin, to reduce the risk of leakage due to board contamination. any such leakage may raise the adj pin voltage and cause excessive ou tput current. a ground ring placed around the adj pin will minimize changes in output current under these conditions. ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 21 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated ordering information device part mark package code packaging (note 4) reel size (mm) reel width (mm) quantity per reel part number suffix aec-q100 level ZXLD1350et5ta 1350 et5 tsot23-5 180 8 3000 ta grade2 package outline dimensions tsot23-5 ZXLD1350 ZXLD1350 document number: ds33468 rev. 7 - 2 22 of 22 www.diodes.com november 2010 ? diodes incorporated a product line o f diodes incorporated important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries rese rve the right to make modifications, enhanc ements, improvements, corrections or ot her changes without further notice to this document and any product described herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability ari sing out of the application or use of this document or any product described he rein; neither does diodes incorp orated convey any license under its patent or trademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or us er of this document or products described herein in such applica tions shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes in corporated and all the companies whose products are represented on diodes incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthoriz ed sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes inco rporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, customers shall i ndemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representatives harmless agai nst all claims, damages, expenses , and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or mo re united states, international or foreign trademarks. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical co mponents in life support devices or systems without the express written approval of the chief executive officer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or syst ems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when proper ly used in accordance with inst ructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to re sult in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support devi ce or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expect ed to cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support dev ices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-re lated requirements concerning their products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devic es- or systems- related information or support that may be provided by diodes inco rporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes inc orporated and its representatives against any damages aris ing out of the use of diodes incorporated products in such safety-critical, life su pport devices or systems. copyright ? 2010, diodes incorporated www.diodes.com |
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